| 00 | Theory Name -Heading Field - sample | Main Theoretical Proposition | Main Units of Analysis | Main Instruments | Modern Theorists | Representative Modern Works | Post-Cold War Prediction | Main Limitation | Reference for the data entered - who said it or generally assumed. Agreed by OK class? |
| 00.a | Generic Theory | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 00.b | Generic Political Theory | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 00.c | Generic International Relations Theory | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 01 | Realism - [according to who?] see subsections | Self-interested states compete constantly for power or security | States | Economics and especially military power | Hans Margenthau, Kenneth Waltz | Waltz, Theory of International Politics Mearsheimer, Back to the Future: Instability in Europe after the Cold War" (International Security, 1990)-[IROWMT] | Resurgence of overt great power competition | Does Not account for International Change -where sources of change in economy or domestic.
Lack of ability to explain events in the international arena. Does not explain something which was going to happen anyway - needs example. Can not explain co-operation. Basic problem is assumptions on which Theory is built. Requires assumption of conflict to explain power. For Realist Foreign Policy Analysis is predicated on outside threat. Never based on objectives that state might have. No sense of foreign policy except in sense of stopping someone else. Balance of Power will not necessarily produce stability. Based on perceptions of decision makers so is not automatic. Power can be in terms of relative gains or absolute gains on one over another. Advice not consistent with reality |
OWMT = International Relations: ONE WORLD, MANY THEORIES , By: Walt, Stephen M., Foreign Policy, 00157228, Spring98, Issue 110 covers p29, 17p |
| 01.0m | Realism [ according to Morgenthau = Classical? | Assumes states act like individuals with "will to power".
Blames a small number of behavior traits for conflict while ignoring more benign aspects of human nature which point in the other direction. NAIC Keohane p.11 j Failure to explain varieties in warfare over time and space. If human nature is constant why shouldn't warfare be constant? NAIC Keohane p.11 Separates the spheres of economics, religious-moral from politics. No theory of peaceful changes. Put whatever faith he had in diplomacy NAIC Keohane, p 203 failed to distinguish between power as a resource and power as ability to influence other's behavior. BOP = situation of equilibrium as well as any situation in which power struggles take place. double meaning lead to difficulties for Morgenthau |
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| 01.0w | Realism [Waltz brand] Neo-realist, structural realist | Assumes states are Unitary actors, seek preservation as minimum, use internal or external methods to achieve aims, self help system, Balance of Power assumes if disrupted will be restore. System serves as compensating device, constraining conditions | States = "like units", In crunch States make the rules under which other actors operate. Few states die. States are units whose structure forms the structure of int'l pol systems. Vary in wealth, size, Power, form Same: Tasks but not ability to perf | Structure affects behavior within the system but does so indirectly: socialization and competition -actors. | - Does not account for variations in States non-rational behavior. Supports status quo as main assumption. View of power resources implied by overall structure theory is over aggregated, exaggerating extent power is like money. Need more multi dimensional approach. NAIC Keohane p.191
- Need mote attention to internal - external interactions. Does not take note of different structural development in different historical periods., weather states came early or late in development process within system. More emphasis need for non state actors NAIC Keohane, p.193 - Need to qualify severely "states seek Power" since not most important in all cases. Has to take note of rise of international rules and procedures and obedience to them by states. Note international structure effects self-interest. What is rational for states depends on institutional context of states and underlying power realities. Need to take note of Complex interdependence - when it is difficult to use conventional power for certain purposes. NAIC Keohane, p197 - POWER = Does not separate power-as-outcome properly from power-as -resources NAIC Keohane, p202 Ignores the specification of functions of units - since assumes all units perform the same functions - therefore differentiation of units drops out |
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| 01.a | Structural Realism | . | . | , | Kenneth Waltz? | , | , | - Does not account for variations in States non-rational behavior. Supports status quo as main assumption. View of power resources implied by overall structure theory is over aggregated, exaggerating extent power is like money. Need more multidimensional approach. NAIC Keohane p.191
- Need mote attention to internal - external interactions. Does not take note of different structural development in different historical periods., weather states came early or late in development process within system. More emphasis need for non state actors NAIC Keohane, p.193 - Need to qualify severely "states seek Power" since not most important in all cases. Has to take note of rise of international rules and procedures and obedience to them by states. Note international structure effects self-interest. What is rational for states depends on institutional context of states and underlying power realities. Need to take note of Complex interdependence - when it is difficult to use conventional power for certain purposes. NAIC Keohane, p197 |
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| 01.b | Neorealism | . | . | , | , | , | , | , | , |
| 01.k | Realism -Neorealism -[Kaplan model] | ||||||||
| 01.rk | Neo-Realism-Modified Structural Hybrid - Robert O Keohane -multidimensional approach | ||||||||
| 02 | Liberalism | Concern for power overridden by economic/ political considerations (desire for prosperity, commitment to liberal values) | States | Varies (international institutions, economic exchange, promotion of democracy) | Michael Doyle, Robert Keohane | Keohane, After Hegemony, Fukuyama, "The End of History?" (National Interest 1989. | Increased Cooperation as liberal values, free markets, and international institutions spread. | Tends to ignore the role of power | QWMT |
| 02.a | Neo-Liberalism/Institutional Liberalism [neoliberal intuitionalism] | ||||||||
| 03 | Constructivist Theories | State behavior shaped by elite beliefs, collective norms, and social identities | Individuals (especially elites) | Ideas and Discourse | Alexander Wendt, John Ruggie | Wendt, "Anarchy Is What States Make of It" (International Organization, 1992); Koslowski & Kratochwil, "Understanding Changes in International Politics" (International Organization, 1994) | Agnostic because it cannot predict the content of ideas | Better of describing the past than anticipating the future | QWMT |
| 04 | Ofutay Kodjoe as interpreted from related quotes | ||||||||
| 05 | Marxism | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 07 | Divine-plan | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 07.a | Divine-plan-State -Human-input | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 09 | Total-Anarchy | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
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